Searching for Exoplanets Using Artificial Intelligence

In the last decade, over a million stars were monitored to detect transiting planets. Manual interpretation of potential exoplanet candidates is labor intensive and subject to human error, the results of which are difficult to quantify. Here we present a new method of detecting exoplanet candidates in large planetary search projects which, unlike current methods uses a neural network. Neural networks, also called "deep learning" or "deep nets" are designed to give a computer perception into a specific problem by training it to recognize patterns. Unlike past transit detection algorithms deep nets learn to recognize planet features instead of relying on hand-coded metrics that humans perceive as the most representative. Our convolutional neural network is capable of detecting Earth-like exoplanets in noisy time-series data with a greater accuracy than a least-squares method. Deep nets are highly generalizable allowing data to be evaluated from different time series after interpolation without compromising performance. As validated by our deep net analysis of Kepler light curves, we detect periodic transits consistent with the true period without any model fitting. Our study indicates that machine learning will facilitate the characterization of exoplanets in future analysis of large astronomy data sets.Comment: Accepted, 16 Pages, 14 Figures, https://github.com/pearsonkyle/Exoplanet-Artificial-Intelligenc

Signal quality of endovascular electroencephalography

Objective, Approach. A growing number of prototypes for diagnosing and treating neurological and psychiatric diseases are predicated on access to high-quality brain signals, which typically requires surgically opening the skull. Where endovascular navigation previously transformed the treatment of cerebral vascular malformations, we now show that it can provide access to brain signals with substantially higher signal quality than scalp recordings. Main results. While endovascular signals were known to be larger in amplitude than scalp signals, our analysis in rabbits borrows a standard technique from communication theory to show endovascular signals also have up to 100× better signal-to-noise ratio. Significance. With a viable minimally-invasive path to high-quality brain signals, patients with brain diseases could one day receive potent electroceuticals through the bloodstream, in the course of a brief outpatient procedure

Extending population based incremental learning using Dirichlet processes.

The unimodal Gaussian has been the distribution of choice for many extensions in Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDA). Some groups have used clustering algorithms, like k-means, to use multimodal distributions in different modifications of EDA. Most proposals use a fixed number of groups or clusters, and other works use heuristic approaches to find the right number of clusters in the search space without any previous information. The heuristic methods, however, lack the mathematical rigor required in the inference of a probability distribution's parameters. In this work, we propose the use of the Nonparametric Bayesian Model known as Dirichlet Process to fit the number of clusters given the data in a modified Population Based Incremental Learning (PBIL) model. We compare our approach with similar techniques that also use multimodal probability distributions to enhance the quality of the search in other EDA approaches. Our approach shows improvements by reducing the number of generations needed to find good results that are comparable to the state of the art in clustered EDA

El balance hídrico en el municipio de La Yesca, Nayarit, México

The purpose of this study was to calculate the water balance components in La Yesca municipality, Nayarit, Mexico. Methodology was used to obtain the water balance components in surface river basins, where the choice and application of algorithms to determine the volumes of water that do not have gauging depend on the type of statistical and geographical information available. The results of the estimates of water balance components in La Yesca municipality show that a water volume of about 114. 856 m3 s-1 is precipitated, from it the 88 % (101.141 m3 s-1) evapotranspires, a lower portion recharges the underlying aquifers (3.019 m3 s-1) and the rest runs off at about 10,696 m3 s-1; from these runoffs, approximately 0.026 m3 s-1 is used mainly for public use. Therefore we can say that the most important source of water supply of La Yesca municipality is formed by the flows of superficial water exploitation. In addition, there is an order import of 118.099 m3 s-1 coming from the Santiago and Bolaños Rivers. The annual extraction of groundwater belongs to order 0.004 m3 s-1. In the basin, 0.030 m3 s-1 of water are used, from which 0.026 m3 s-1 correspond to volumes of public use; the rest (0.004 m3 s-1) are used in agriculture and aquaculture.La finalidad del presente trabajo fue calcular las componentes del balance hídrico en el municipio de La Yesca, Nayarit, México. Se utilizó una metodología para obtener las componentes del balance hídrico en cuencas hidrográficas superficiales, donde la elección y aplicación de los algoritmos para determinar los volúmenes de agua que no cuentan con aforos dependen del tipo de información estadística y geográfica disponible. Los resultados de las estimaciones de las componentes del balance hídrico en el municipio de La Yesca, muestran que se precipita un volumen de agua del orden de 114.856 m3 s-1, de éste, se evapotranspira el 88 % (101.141 m3 s-1), una porción menor recarga el acuífero subyacente (3.019 m3 s-1) y el resto escurre superficialmente en alrededor de 10.696 m3 s-1; de estos escurrimientos se aprovecha aproximadamente 0.026 m3 s-1 para su uso público principalmente. Por esto se puede decir que la fuente más importante de abastecimiento de agua del municipio de La Yesca, la constituye los caudales de los aprovechamientos de agua superficial. Además de que se cuenta con una importación del orden de 118.099 m3 s-1 provenientes de los ríos Santiago y Bolaños. La extracción anual de agua subterránea es del orden de 0.004 m3 s-1. En la cuenca se utilizan 0.030 m3 s-1 de agua, de los cuales 0.026 m3 s-1 corresponden a volúmenes de uso público; el resto (0.004 m3 s-1) son de uso agrícola y acuícola

El balance hídrico en el municipio de La Yesca, Nayarit, México

The purpose of this study was to calculate the water balance components in La Yesca municipality, Nayarit, Mexico. Methodology was used to obtain the water balance components in surface river basins, where the choice and application of algorithms to determine the volumes of water that do not have gauging depend on the type of statistical and geographical information available. The results of the estimates of water balance components in La Yesca municipality show that a water volume of about 114. 856 m3 s-1 is precipitated, from it the 88 % (101.141 m3 s-1) evapotranspires, a lower portion recharges the underlying aquifers (3.019 m3 s-1) and the rest runs off at about 10,696 m3 s-1; from these runoffs, approximately 0.026 m3 s-1 is used mainly for public use. Therefore we can say that the most important source of water supply of La Yesca municipality is formed by the flows of superficial water exploitation. In addition, there is an order import of 118.099 m3 s-1 coming from the Santiago and Bolaños Rivers. The annual extraction of groundwater belongs to order 0.004 m3 s-1. In the basin, 0.030 m3 s-1 of water are used, from which 0.026 m3 s-1 correspond to volumes of public use; the rest (0.004 m3 s-1) are used in agriculture and aquaculture.La finalidad del presente trabajo fue calcular las componentes del balance hídrico en el municipio de La Yesca, Nayarit, México. Se utilizó una metodología para obtener las componentes del balance hídrico en cuencas hidrográficas superficiales, donde la elección y aplicación de los algoritmos para determinar los volúmenes de agua que no cuentan con aforos dependen del tipo de información estadística y geográfica disponible. Los resultados de las estimaciones de las componentes del balance hídrico en el municipio de La Yesca, muestran que se precipita un volumen de agua del orden de 114.856 m3 s-1, de éste, se evapotranspira el 88 % (101.141 m3 s-1), una porción menor recarga el acuífero subyacente (3.019 m3 s-1) y el resto escurre superficialmente en alrededor de 10.696 m3 s-1; de estos escurrimientos se aprovecha aproximadamente 0.026 m3 s-1 para su uso público principalmente. Por esto se puede decir que la fuente más importante de abastecimiento de agua del municipio de La Yesca, la constituye los caudales de los aprovechamientos de agua superficial. Además de que se cuenta con una importación del orden de 118.099 m3 s-1 provenientes de los ríos Santiago y Bolaños. La extracción anual de agua subterránea es del orden de 0.004 m3 s-1. En la cuenca se utilizan 0.030 m3 s-1 de agua, de los cuales 0.026 m3 s-1 corresponden a volúmenes de uso público; el resto (0.004 m3 s-1) son de uso agrícola y acuícola